Toolchain

XQuad expresses a quadratic optimization problem once and runs it unchanged on quantum annealers, GPUs, CPUs, and the Quip Network.

XQuad compiles quadratic optimization problems into bytecode for a single virtual machine, the XQVM, and runs that bytecode on whichever backend you point it at. A problem written once runs unchanged on a D-Wave quantum processor, a GPU annealer, a local CPU sampler, or the Quip Network. It plays the role LLVM plays for compilers: one intermediate representation, many targets.

Early public release. The instruction set, binary format, and public API may change before v1.0.

What it models

Combinatorial problems that reduce to quadratic binary models: QUBO, Ising, and discrete formulations. Traveling salesman, graph coloring, knapsack, set cover, maximum independent set, and portfolio optimization all fall in range. You write the model in a constraint-programming DSL or in .xqasm assembly, compile it to a .xqb binary, and hand the result to a solver.

Components

A Rust core does the execution. Python packages wrap it and add the modeling and solver layers.

Package	Language	Role
xqvm	Rust	The VM interpreter, opcode table, and bytecode codec. Builds no_std + alloc, so it also runs inside WASM runtimes and Substrate pallets
xqasm	Rust	Assembler for the .xqasm text format
xqcli	Rust	The xquad command: asm, dism, run, verify
xqffi	Python	PyO3 bindings that expose xqvm and xqasm to Python
xqvm_py	Python	Pure-Python reference VM, used as the conformance oracle
xqcp	Python	Constraint-programming DSL that compiles to .xqasm
xqsa	Python	Solver adapters for every supported backend
xquad	Python	Umbrella package with the interactive Program / Session / RunResult API

A written specification defines every behavior, and CI runs each conformance vector on both the Rust VM and the Python reference VM. If the two disagree, the build fails.

Backends

Backend	Hardware	Install
Simulated annealing	CPU	pip install xquad
CUDA annealer	NVIDIA GPU	pip install xquad[cuda]
Metal annealer	Apple Silicon GPU	pip install xquad[metal]
D-Wave Advantage	Quantum annealer	pip install xquad[dwave]
Quip Network	Network-provided solvers	pip install "xquad[quip]"

Extras compose: pip install xquad[cuda,dwave].

Getting started

pip install xquad          # Python toolchain
cargo install xqcli        # the `xquad` binary

The full documentation covers installation, modeling, the instruction set, worked examples for a dozen classic problems, and the reference for every package.

To run a model on the Quip Network rather than on your own hardware, see Submit Your First Compute Job.